Girma Berhanu, PhD Professor, Department of Education and Special Education, University of Gothenburg Box 300, 40530 Göteborg Sweden E-mail: girma.berhanu@ped.gu.se
[1] TPLF was the main and most powerful party within the Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front, the so-called ruling political coalition which consists of four political parties.
[4] What you are about to read should be of concern to you whether you live in America, France, Ethiopia or any corner of the world. For there is a nefarious ploy that has been used throughout the ages to splinter society into the ghettos of imposed identities and divisive ideologies. https://21stcenturywire.com/2019/07/22/ethiopia-ethnic-apartheid-and-the-globalist-colonizers-playbook/. Ethiopia: Ethnic Apartheid and the Globalist Colonizers’ Playbook. July 22, 2019 By 21wire.
[5] One culprit is the false narrative accusing Amharas of “chauvinism,” neftegna, oppression and other abusive and marginalizing terms to describe Amhara culpability and guilt. Tragically not only for Amharas and others whose dedication to Ethiopia is irrefutable, the false narrative is deep, wide and corrosive. It will take decades of reeducation to erase the narrative due to ignorance and inability to change, especially among political elites, intellectuals and activists. (Ethiopia’s Policy Logjam and Unintended Consequences.)ECADF in Opinions July 28,2019.https://ecadforum.com/2019/07/28/ethiopias-policy-logjam-and-unintended-consequences/
[6] Neisser, U. (1996). Intelligence: Knowns and unknowns. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
[7] Hodson, G., & Earle, M. (2017). Anti-Semitism. In F.M. Moghaddam (Ed.), The SAGE Encyclopedia of Political Behaviour (pp. 28-30). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781483391144.n19
[8] Hodson, G., MacInnis, C.C., & Busseri, M.A. (2017). Bowing and kicking: Rediscovering the fundamental link between generalized authoritarianism and generalized prejudice. Personality and Individual Differences, 104, 243-251. DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.08.018
[9] Hodson, G., Turner, R.N., & Choma, B.L. (2017). Individual differences in intergroup contact propensity and prejudice reduction. In L. Vezzali & S. Stathi (Eds). Intergroup contact theory: Recent developments and future directions(Series: Current Issues in Social Psychology) (pp. 8-30). New York, NY: Routledge.
[10] Ignorance leads to deaths and massive incarcerations. Ignorance keeps Ethiopia poor, backward and vulnerable to external threats. Ignorance deters development. Ignorance leads to the destruction of investment properties (Birara, 2019). (Ethiopia’s Policy Logjam and Unintended Consequences.Why willful ignorance should be combatted now. https://theworldnews.net/et-news/ethiopia-s-policy-logjam-and-unintended-consequences.
[11] “My response to Oromo Intellectuals for their Misrepresentation of, and attack on, Ethiopian History. (Professor Haile M. Larebo)
[12] A few weeks ago, Herman Cohen—a neocon warmonger who used to be George Bush’s Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs—tweeted a most malicious slur against Amhara people in a naked attempt to further incite tribalism and fan the flames of hatred that is threatening to unleash the dark forces of sectarianism upon Ethiopia. At a time where uncertainty was sweeping across the country after a supposed “regional coup d’etat”—which was an outlandish and oxymoronic media narrative being peddled by the Ethiopian government—there was a one-two punch that pushed Ethiopia closer to the brink of conflagration. (https://21stcenturywire.com/2019/07/22/ethiopia-ethnic-apartheid-and-the-globalist-colonizers-playbook/). Compare Herman Cohen’s statement with Abyssinia: the powder barrel by Roman Procházka, Freiherr von. London, British international news agency [1936?]
[13] Ethiopia’s Policy Logjam and Unintended Consequences. Posted by: ECADF in Opinions July 28, 2019. https://ecadforum.com/2019/07/28/ethiopias-policy-logjam-and-unintended-consequences/(by Aklog Birara)
[14] Carney, J. J. (2012). Beyond tribalism: the hutu-tutsi question and catholic rhetoric in colonial Rwanda. Journal of Religion in Africa, 42, 172-202.
[15] Tanner, C. & Christen, M. (2014). Moral Intelligence – A Framework for Understanding Moral Competences. In M. Christen et al. (eds.), Empirically Informed Ethics: Morality between Facts and Norms (119-136). Zurich, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
Beheshtifar, M., Esmaeli, Z., & Moghadam, M. N. (2011). Effect of moral intelligence on leadership. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, 43, 6-11.
[16] Lind, Georg (2008). “The meaning and measurement of moral judgment competence: A dual-aspect model”. In Fasko, Daniel Jr; Willis, Wayne (eds.). Contemporary Philosophical and Psychological Perspectives on Moral Development and Education. Hampton Press. pp. 185–220.
[18] Not only does the Professor engage in selective denunciation, he spreads ethnic hatred. In most of his political discussions, interviews, speeches, and writings he instigates conflict between Amharas and Oromos. In an essay that appeared on Ethiomedia on October 20, 2016, he lists (by quoting another author) ethnic slurs directed at the Oromo more people supposedly by Amhara people, as an example of how the Amharas have oppressed, marginalized, and dehumanized the Oromo people for more than hundred years. In the eyes of many Ethiopians, as Donald Donham keenly observed, the “Galla were pagans. They were uncivilized. Ye Galla chewa ye gomen choma yellem (it is impossible to find a Galla gentleman as it is to find fat in greens) or again Galla inna shinfilla biyatbutim aytera (even if you wash them, stomach lining and a Galla will never come clean).” In one Amharic expression, Oromos were equated with human feces: “Gallana sagara eyadar yegamal” (Galla and human feces stink more every passing day). In another, even Oromo humanity was questioned: “Saw naw Galla?” (Is it human or Galla?). What was the purpose of listing these ethnic slurs? Why stoop so low? ………. it is to create resentment, animosity, and hostility among Oromos against the Amhara people. But what he should have realized is that ethnic, racial, or regional slurs are not unique to Ethiopia. They are ubiquitous elsewhere as well. Still, intellectuals don’t resort to using slurs to bolster their arguments. https://www.satenaw.com/the-intellectual-bankruptcy-of-hizkiel-gebissa/ Gemechu Aba Biya.
[19] In an interview on August 1 with Semeneh Biafers of Walta TV, Hizkiel Gebissa makes many deceitful statements, as he has done in the past. It’s time to take him to task. He describes himself as a public intellectual dedicated to defending human rights in Ethiopia. But a glimpse of his interviews, speeches, and writings reveal that the man is neither an intellectual nor a human rights advocate; rather, he is an intellectually bankrupt and dishonest imposter. https://www.satenaw.com/the-intellectual-bankruptcy-of-hizkiel-gebissa/ Gemechu Aba Biya.
[20] https://borkena.com/2019/08/02/professor-ezekiel-gebissa-interview-with-simeneh-bayfers-of-walta-tv/. Professor Ezekiel Gebissa interview with Simeneh Bayfers of Walta TV.
[21] ‘The term Balkanization has frequently been used in reference to Ethiopia’s ethnic federalism, which has been codified in the country’s dysfunctional constitution that curiously defines politics, citizenship, rights and privileges on ethnic grounds. Strictly speaking, there are no political or administrative terms in history that can fully and adequately explain the bizarre experiment that we see unraveling in Ethiopia. Nonetheless, a term, which comes close to describing the policies of the current government and the unfolding ethnic violence and repression, is ‘bantustanization,’ which has its origin in apartheid South Africa. The ‘Bantustanization’ of Ethiopia and Its Looming Dangers (by Dawit WGiorgis) https://theworldnews.net/et-news/the-bantustanization-of-ethiopia-and-its-looming-dangers. 18:48 / 31.07.2019 ECADF